Because process management directly affects the efficiency of production and the cost of products. Therefore, the management of the process parameters must be reasonable, and if the management is not good, the production will be frequently stopped to adjust the plating solution, which is a big waste. However, over-control will increase management costs and increase the additional consumption of resources, which is also undesirable. These parameters can be divided into two categories through the composition of the electroplating process parameters. One category is the relatively fixed factor once set during the establishment of the production line. It is like a congenital factor. Unless there is a failure, the change will not be large. For example, the waveform of the rectifier power supply, the moving speed of the cathode, the flow rate of the filter, the size and structure of the plating tank, etc., these parameters must be controlled in the design stage, and leave room; the other type is that fluctuations often occur in electroplating production. The parameters must be adjusted at any time through monitoring. The management of process parameters in production mainly refers to the management of such variable parameters.
However, in the practice of electroplating production management, it is normal to control variable process parameters too loosely. Many plating solutions are in a sub-healthy state just like people. If they barely maintain production, problems will occur after a long time. For example, the area of anodes in many companies is often in short supply. The reason is that anode metal materials are not purchased in time, there is almost no inventory, and the cost is relatively high, which has become the object of saving for companies.
The main elements of the daily management of the variable parameters of the electroplating process are as follows.
(1) Temperature management. The effect of temperature on electroplating has been described in detail above, and temperature has an important effect on the surface quality of electroplating and the efficiency of electroplating. Therefore, all types of plating that need to be heated should have temperature-controlled heating equipment, and employees should be required to record the temperature of the plating solution. Of course, from the perspective of energy conservation, room temperature technology should be used as much as possible. However, some plating species can only work at a certain high temperature. The key is to strengthen management to prevent the waste of energy and plating solution evaporation caused by overheating.
The temperature management is not limited to the plating tank, and the temperature of the hot water washing should also be managed. Many electroplating companies only pay attention to the temperature control of the plating tank, regardless of hot water, either insufficient heating or excessive heating, which is detrimental to quality and wastes resources.
(2) The pH value management of the plating solution. The pH value of the plating solution is a relatively hidden variable factor, which is often discovered when something goes wrong. Therefore, it is necessary to check the pH value of the plating solution frequently. For more stringent plating species, it is best to use a digital pH display controlled by a sensor. In this way, the pH value of the plating solution can be understood in time. The easiest way is to use precision test paper to measure on site. Let the operator also have test papers available. Not only the craftsman has the test paper. This can ensure that the pH value of the plating solution is monitored by more people.
(3) Plating solution composition management. The management of the composition of the plating solution is mainly to obtain information through the method of chemical analysis. It is easier to deal with this problem if an organization has its own chemical analysis room in the company or department. Regular sampling and testing are sufficient.
Electroplating companies that do not have their own analysis room, because they think it is troublesome and costly to take the plating solution out for analysis, the analysis cycle of the plating solution is set to be very long, which exceeds the normal required analysis time. The composition of the plating solution is out of balance, and the refill is often analyzed only when there is a problem. Therefore, according to the production frequency and material consumption, or according to the plating area, etc., the basic law of the composition consumption of the plating solution should be measured, and the plating solution should be analyzed regularly. When the processing volume is large, every two days It needs to be analyzed once. When the processing volume is small, it needs to be analyzed at least once a week. At the same time, the craftsman must periodically conduct a Hall bath test on the plating solution to determine that the plating solution is in the best process range. Hall cell test is not only an important tool for electroplating process development, but also an important means of electroplating site management.
There are lead plating, iron plating, silver plating, gold plating and so on for electroplating single metals. Electroplating alloys included: electroplating of copper-based alloys, electroplating of zinc-based alloys, electroplating of cadmium-based, indium-based alloys, electroplating of lead-based, tin-based alloys, electroplating of nickel-based, cobalt-based alloys, and electroplating of palladium-nickel alloys. Composite electroplating: nickel-based composite electroplating, zinc-based composite electroplating, silver-based composite electroplating, diamond inlaid composite electroplating.